在面向对象编程中，虚函数是一个非常重要的概念。当一个函数在基类中被声明为虚函数时，它可以在派生类中被重写，这意味着派生类可以为该函数提供自己的实现。这种机制允许我们在运行时动态地确定调用的是哪个版本的函数，这对于实现多态性非常有用。
另一个重要的概念是重写父类的函数。当一个派生类中的函数与基类中的函数同名且具有相同的参数列表时，我们称之为重写。通过重写函数，我们可以在派生类中改变函数的行为，从而实现特定的功能。
运算符重载是另一个重要的概念，它允许我们重新定义运算符的行为。通过运算符重载，我们可以为自定义的数据类型定义运算符的行为，使其更符合我们的需求。
结构体和类是面向对象编程中用于组织数据和行为的重要工具。结构体用于定义简单的数据结构，而类则可以包含数据成员和成员函数，实现更复杂的功能。
总的来说，面向对象编程中的这些关键概念为我们提供了强大的工具，帮助我们更好地组织和管理代码，实现更灵活和可扩展的程序设计。
Translation:
Keywords: virtual function, override, operator overloading, struct, class
Title: Key Concepts in Object-Oriented Programming
Article: In object-oriented programming, virtual functions are a crucial concept. When a function is declared as virtual in a base class, it can be overridden in derived classes, allowing the derived classes to provide their own implementation of the function. This mechanism enables us to dynamically determine which version of the function is called at runtime, which is very useful for achieving polymorphism.
Another important concept is overriding functions from a parent class. When a function in a derived class has the same name and parameter list as a function in the base class, it is considered as overriding. By overriding functions, we can change the behavior of functions in the derived class to achieve specific functionalities.
Operator overloading is another significant concept that allows us to redefine the behavior of operators. Through operator overloading, we can define the behavior of operators for custom data types, making them more suitable for our needs.
Structs and classes are essential tools in object-oriented programming for organizing data and behavior. Structs are used to define simple data structures, while classes can contain data members and member functions to implement more complex functionalities.
In conclusion, these key concepts in object-oriented programming provide us with powerful tools to better organize and manage code, enabling us to achieve more flexible and scalable program designs.
（本文章僅就題目要求進行撰寫，不代表任何觀點或意見）
